Ovarian Cancer: Causes, Symptoms, Types, and Treatment
Ovarian cancer is a type of cancer that affects the ovaries, which are part of the female reproductive system. The ovaries produce eggs and female hormones, and when cancer develops in these organs, it can have serious consequences for a woman’s health. In this blog, we’ll explore the causes, symptoms, types, and treatment options.
What is Ovarian Cancer
It is a disease that occurs when cells in the ovaries begin to grow abnormally and out of control. There are different types of ovarian cancer, and they can affect different parts of the ovaries. The most common type is epithelial, which affects the cells that line the surface of the ovaries.
Types of Ovarian Cancer
There are three main types:
- Epithelial ovarian cancer: This is the most common type, accounting for around 90% of cases. It develops in the cells that cover the surface of the ovaries.
- Germ cell ovarian cancer: This type of cancer develops in the cells that produce eggs in the ovaries. It is rare and usually affects younger women.
- Stromal ovarian cancer: This type of cancer develops in the cells that produce hormones in the ovaries.
Causes
The exact cause is not known, but there are certain factors that can increase a woman’s risk of developing the disease. These include:
- Age: It is more common in women over the age of 50.
- Family history: Women who have a family history have higher risk of developing the disease.
- Inherited gene mutations: Women who carry inherited gene mutations, such as BRCA1 and BRCA2, are at higher risk of developing it.
- Hormone replacement therapy: Long-term use of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) has been linked to an increased risk.
Symptoms
Its difficult to detect in its early stages because it often does not cause any noticeable symptoms. However, as the cancer grows and spreads, it can cause the following symptoms:
- Abdominal swelling or bloating
- Feeling full quickly when eating
- Pelvic pain or discomfort
- Changes in bowel habits
- Changes in bladder habits
- Fatigue
- Unexplained weight loss or gain
If you experience any of these symptoms, it is important to speak to an Ovarian Cancer Specialist.
Treatment
The treatment depends on the type and stage of the cancer, as well as the woman’s overall health. The most common treatments include:
- Surgery: The main treatment for ovarian cancer is surgery to remove as much of the cancer as possible.
- Chemotherapy: Chemotherapy is a type of cancer treatment that uses drugs to kill cancer cells.
- Radiation therapy: Radiation therapy uses high-energy radiation to kill cancer cells.
- Hormone therapy: Hormone therapy is a type of cancer treatment that uses hormones to stop or slow the growth of cancer cells.
Conclusion
Ovarian cancer is a serious disease that affects women of all ages. While the exact cause is unknown, there are factors that can increase a woman’s risk of developing the disease. It is important to be aware of the symptoms and speak to your doctor if you experience any of them. With early detection and treatment, the chances of surviving are much higher.